Silas w



i@ ylhi's invention relates 'to that class of iiylinten drains' llerena* SIL/W lil'. llln'iNClIARD, OF SIlERlDAN'YlliLE, PENNSYL'YANA, ASSlGNOll. T0 (,VllS BRO'IHERS & COMPANY, Oli llElV YORK, N. Y.

HYDRAU'LlC ELEVATOFI.

SPEC'FLCATION forming' part'of Letters Patent No. 425,202, dated April 8, 1896. "Application filed January l0, 1890. Serial No. 336,503. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it iii/ay concern: l and certainty of action of the device by pro B c it known that l, SiLAs W'. BLANCHARD, l vfding; a back-pressure pipe on the i'liscliargc, a citizen oi 'the United States, residing at wherebyapai-tolthc excessivewa'tcrpressure Shci'idanif'ille, county of Allegheny, and State is counterbalaneed, thus causing' the valves 5 of `Peninsylvana, have invented certain new to seat quietly and slowly, producingv a corie- 'yg and useful improvements in Hydraulic Elcspending motion in the operatiiig-valve and vators, iullydcscribed and rcprescntedinthe f bringing;- the car to a smooth and gradual 'following specification and the accompanyii'ie' l stop. This admits, also, of rainning,` the carat drawings, forming' a part ol" the saine. any desired rate ofspeed and lessons the danf I ger ol" excessively-high prt'zssurc in the auXil- 6o iii-.indie elevators in which the main valve or t iary cylinder in event of the coni'seetions be' 'ier controlling mechanism is operated by tween the auxiliary cylinder and nthe cai' failineans ot an auxiliary cylinder and piston ing to Work, or tl'e'nickings ot' the piston beprovided wit-hasystein ot'pipes andauxiliarycoming worn and incapable ot holding,r back valve apparatiis for operating the piston in the pressure. 65

either direction, the auxiliary-valve appara- For a still finer adjustment of thc pressure tus being controlled from the car by suitable on the auxiliar),7 piston l introduce aby-pass connections; and it is the general object of between the alternatingl pipes by which the my invention to improve the construction of Water is introduced into and led from citliei Jr" 2o such auxiliary apparatus, rendering it more end of the auxiliary cylinder. This by-pass 7o simple vand eiiicient in action and more conis so constructed that the amount ot water VSUQH fOl' uSe. passing` through it inay be adjusted, thus al- 1While iny invention is applicable to all` lowing only a sufficient amount to pass the classes ot elevators in which mechanism of auxiliary cylinder to move the pistou at the z5 the class des =ribed is employed, Whatever be desired velocity to` give the required move- 75 the connections for operating the auxiliarynient of the niaiu valve. The oy-pass also, valve apparatus, it is intended especially' .t'oi' when used in connection with the cocks in 'use in connection with electrically-eenti'olled the alternating' pipes, admits of cutting' out elevators employing' a sys-teni similar to that the auxiliarychamber and allowing fullaction o described in Letters Patent to C. E. Ongley, of all the Valves in the auxiliary-valve appa- 8o Nos. alOdSO, lOfil, 410,182, 0,183, and ratus under full .iv'orliing-pressnre without llO,lS4, datei' September 3, 1889; and it conmoving the auxiliary piston, and by this sists in part. in improvements upon that sysmeans new packing's put in the auxiliary l-`l11 valves can be brought to a perfect seat, tak- 35 In elevators eni'iloying mechanism of the ing out all possibilit-y of a leak before putting 85 class described the auxiliary piston has herethe device to work on the auxiliary piston tofore been subjected to the full pressure of and main valve.

the Waterfroin the supply-tank, the source Vlien used'in connection with the'elecof supply for both the main cylinder and auxtrically-controlled devices on the general sys- .to iii-ary cylinder being the same. The result -teinof the patents above referred to, my con- 9o of this high pressure in the auxiliary cylinder struction enables the circuit-closer of Patent has been to produceva sudden and violent ac- No. 410,182, above referred to, to be omitted, tien of the main Vabre, by which, especially enabling the auxiliaiyvalve apparatus to be in electrically-conti'olled systems, it has been controlled by two buttons inside the car or 45 impossible to regulate the distance to which at a landing', the slow motion ot the auxiliary 95 the valve should be Opened, preventing` the piston and the inain valve enabling' the at-y running of the ca r at any desired rate of speed tendant to readily determine the point ot stopand causing; an unpleasant jar iii stopping page of the car and to break the circuit at the ear by the closing` of the valve. l avoid the exact pointat which the main valve these dil'ieulties and greatly increase the ease closes both ofthe ports ol the main cylinder. ico

The back-pressure also tends ,tobalance the pressure from the supplypipe upon the primary valves, thus admitting ot operating the primary valves with a smaller quantity of electricity, and thus lessening the tendency lo burn the but-ton-contactsby arcing.

A full description of my invention will now be given, reference being had to the accompanying draw-ings, in which- Figure 1 is a diagram showing the connections between the elevator-ear and the main cylinder and controlling mechanism, the auxiliary cylinder and piston being s'lrownin section. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the auxiliary-valve apparatus.

Referring to said drawings, ,A is the elev.ator-car, and B the inotor-cylinder therefor.

- C is the controlling mechanism, vwhich may consist of the ordinary main valve controlling. the induction and exhaust ports of the cylinder B, and may be of any suitable construction to allow the water to be ad` initted to the cylinder B to cause the car to ascendv when the valve is in one position, to allow the water to escape from the cylinder' for, the descent of the car when the valve is reversed, and to close both the induction andexhaust ports when the valve is in an intermediate or mid position. Such cylinders and valves are in common use and need not be more fully described herein.

j I), is the auxiliary cylinder, inv which moves thc-piston E, the rod of which is connected to the stein of-the'main valve C.

F G are the alternating induction and exhaust pipes for admitting water to` and allowing the escape ot' water fromveithcr side of the piston E,- a nd H is a by-pass connecting these two pipes. 'd I 1 is the supply-pipe, connecting with the same source of pressure, as the supply-pipe for the cylinder B.

K is the auxiliary valve apparatus-controlling thc alternating pipes F and G and `auxiliary cylinder D.

L is the discharge-pipe from the auxiliary- 'alve apparatus and forms an exhaust for both alternating pipes F G. 'I

M N are two magnets for operating the4 5G., auxiliary-valve apparatus,- and O are the electrical connections for cont-rolling the circuits and extending from the said magnets to the button-board l), carried by the car. The stem of the main `valve C is provided with the usual rack R, gearing with the pinion lS upon the shaft'of the pulley T, from which the hand- I rope U extends to the car, as is usual in this class of mechanism. x

Referring now to the details of construction thus briefly outlined, the alternating pipesF and Gare provided, respectively, with cocks l0 1l, by which these pipes maybe cut oil? from the cylinder D, and the by-pass ll is providedwith a cock 12, by which theamount of water passing through saidby-pass may be graduatedA or the by-pass entirely closed. rlhe auxiliary-valve apparatus K is substansectiOn, it is to tially the saine in construction and operation as that of Patent No. 410,181, above referred To, but has been modified in details of con struction to simplify its action and reduce it to smaller compass. The suppl y-pipe I passes into the auxiliary valve-chamber 13 by two arms 14 1 5, provided with stop-cocks by which the amount of water passing into the valvechamber from each arm may be accurately adj usted, the valve-chamber being divided into two vparts by means ot the partition 1G, as shown in Fig. 2. This arrangement enables the 'pressure upon the two sides of the piston E to be so adjusted that that upon the lower side of the piston will be suiiiciently in excess of that produced upon the upperside to compensate for the weight of the piston and the parts attached thereto, thus producing a uniform motion of the piston in both directions,

Referring now to Fig. 2, in which one side of the auxiliary-valve apparatus is shown 'in be understood that the two sides of the apparatus are struction and but` one needbe described. The chamber 13 connects by a small passage 1 Vwith a side chamber 17, consisting of upper and lower chambers, connection between which is closed 'by the primary valve 2, the

- upper Qhamber con nectin g by a small passage 3 with a chamber 18, in which moves the piston of the auxiliaryvalve.v The primary valve-rod 4 passes upward through a suitable support, and isconnected to armature 19,

' acted upon by the magnets N, the action of the magnet-s drawing down the valve-rod 4 and opening the primary valve. As'shown, the valve-rod 4 is guided in its movementby a pin 5, passing through a slotted tubular guide G, thus preventing the armature and valve-rod from turning. The auxiliary valve consists of two valves ,7 8, adapted to close the opposite ends'ol' a valve-chamber 9, with which connects one of the alternating pipes' of the auxiliary cylinder. The auxiliary valve has connected ther'eto a piston 20, working in cylinder or chamber 18, previously referred' to, and adapted to be operated by the pressure of the water from the supply as it passes through the chamber 17 and passage 3 on the operation of the primary valve 2.A This piston exceeds in area the valve 8, thus increasing the amount of pressure at that end of the valve-rod and producing a movement o the auxiliary valve on the opening of the primary valve.

The discharge-pipe L connects, as shown in Fig. 2, directly with the'upper chamber 2l of the auxiliary-valve apparatus, which chambei'. is normally in connection with the alternating pipes of both cylinders, the auxiliary valve E) being held in thc position shown in Fig. 2 by means of the pressure ci.' the water from the supply-pipe. The primary valve is also held closed by the pressure of the water the same in contog l20 connects with the upper end of and to retain them in place when the pressure is removed by cutting off the supply. rilhe piston 20 will be provided with a by-pass allowing the circulation of water between chambers 18 and 2l.

The discharge-pipe L, shown, extends from the auxiliary apparatus K upward to such a `height as to produce the propel' amount of back-pressure upon the piston il.. The height to which the discharge-pipe is carried will depend upon the amount of pressure the supply-tank. The dischargepipe, as shown, is preferably then brought downward to a point near the rest of the apparatus,y where the exhaust 24 is located.

The discharge-pipe L sired, from the auxiliary-val ve apparatus, and a short' pipe 24', controlled by a cock 25, con nects the upwardly-.extending part of the discharge-pipe directlywith the exhaust, by

whlch means the back pressure may be largelyremoved, when desired, An open pipe the discharge-pipe for the purpose of admitting air and preventing any siphonic action, the upper end of this pipe being preferably bent downward, as shown, to prevent foreign substances entering the pipe.

Referring now tothe electrical connections, of the magnets M N is connected to al button on the' board P, the magnet M being connected by Wire 27 and magnet N by wire 28. Frein the battery 20 a wire 30 extends upward to theelevatorcar, and is connected by two branches with the'buttonson the board P. Frein the opposite pole of the battery a wire 3l extends to the two magnets M N, pressure upon either of the buttons upon the board P thus serving to close the circuit'through the corresponding magnet. It will be understood that with this construction, also, circuit-closersmay be placed at the landings, if desired, as weli as upon the car, as in Patent No. 410,184, above referred. to.

The operation ofthe device will be readily understood from a brief description. If the main valve U is to be moved upward to open the `salve for an upward movement of the elevator, pressure upon the upper button in the car will close the circuit through magnet M, and by opening the primary valve 2 will produce pressure upon the piston 20, thus closing the valve 9 and opening the valveS, allowing the r ter to pass .from the supply-pipe 14 to the alter ing pipe F, the cocks 10v and 11 being `the cock 12A in the by-pass adjusted 1 ed. The auxiliary valve corresponding to the magnet M thus being opened, the valve upon the other side of the auxiliaryvalve i aratus corresponding to the magnet N i e position shown in Fig. 2, thus alfree passage ol:` the water from the io of the piston through the alternat- G and the chamber 21 to the dis- Tho piston' will therefore be ies nur chargeplpe L.

is provided with aV cock 2.3, bv which 1t may be cut oit, when deoperated against back-pressure due to the pipe L to open the valve C by pressing the button until the car has attained the desired 7o speed, when the contact will be broken by releasing the button. On breaking the circuit the primary valve 2 will be immediately returned to position by the pressure of the water from the supply-pipe 14 and the valves 7 7 5 aride will be likewise returned to the position shown in Fig. 2, thus equalizing the pressure upon the two sides of the piston through the similar connection of their alternating pipes with the chamber 21, the piston thus being` brought to a stop in the position it has reached. When it is desired to stop the car or to oper; ate it in they opposite direction, thelower button will be pressed, thus closing the circuit through the magnet N and producing an ac- 8: tion of the piston E opposite from that previously described as produced by the closing i of the circuit through magnet M. If it be desired only to stop the car, the circuit will be broken as soon as the car reaches a stop, the 9cv operator being enabled to do this without difiiculty on account of the slo f operation of the pist-on E and the main valve C, and consequently of the car. To reverse the vmovement of the car, pressure upon the button will continue until the car has attained the desired speed, when the circuit will be broken and the auxiliary valves returned to position as before. Nhen it is desired to adjust the packin gs in the auxiliary-valve apparatus, the cocks 1011 will be closed, thus cutting out the auxiliary cylinder and piston, and the cock'12 in the by-pass will be fully opened, thus allowing the circulation of the Water from the alternating pipes to the valve apparatus and discharge-pipe L without operating the main valve of the motor-cylinder. The packings may now be tested by playing with the lingers upon the armatures of the two magnets M N, thus operating in succession the primary and secondary valves at opposite sides of the valve apparatus. This, as is ap parent, may be done without interfering in any way with the motion of the elevator-car or the main valve, which may be operated meanwhile by the hand-rope U, pulley T, and the pinion S, as usual in this class of mechanism.

To avoid the shock incident to a full opening of the main valve of the motor-cylinder, a system of cut-outs has previously been provided, as shown and described inPatent N o. 410,183, above referred to. I avoid the necessity of this construction by passing the hand- TGC rope U through a guide 32 and providing it 1.25r

with stops these stops being provided with sp1-in gs 34, by which the stoppage of the main valve is rendered gradual and all-shock obviated.

It will. be understood that my invention is [3o not limited to any special form or system of motor and mechanism for controlling its movements, nor to the auxiliary-valve apparatus shown and described, as all these maybe of any other suitable construction. The electri cal connections for operating the auxiliaryvalve apparatus from the car may also be varied, and it is evident that mechanical connections may be substituted, if preferred. Moreover, it is apparent that the construction and arrangement of the backpressure pipe and by-pass may readily be modified by one skilled in the art and without departing from my invention.

What I claim is- 1. The combination, with the mechanism for controlling the movements of lan elevator,

`of an auxiliary cylinder and piston` for operatingr said mechanism, a supply-pipe and auxiliary-valve apparatus for controlling said piston, and a back-pressure discharge-pipe acting -to partially counterbalance the pressure upon the piston from the supply-pipe, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the mechanism for controlling the movements of an elevator,` of an auxiliary cylinder and piston for operating said mechanism, a valvefor controlling said piston, constructed to'open against the pressure of the supply-pipe, and a back pressure discharge-pipe communicating with the valve and acting to partly the pressure from the supply-pipe, substantially as described.

counterbalauce i 3. The combination, with the mechanism for controlling the movements of an elevator, of an auxiliary cylinder and piston for operating said mechanism, induction and exhaust pipes for the auxiliary cylinder, and a by-pass connecting the pipes, whereby part of the water may be cut cylinder and the pressure on the duced, substantially as described.

' f1. The combination, with the mechanism for controlling the movements of an elevator, ofan auxiliary cylinder and piston for oppiston reerating said mechanism, induction and exhaust pipes for said cylinder, and an adj ustable by-pass connecting said pipes, whereby the pressure upon the piston may be adj usted, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the cylinder D and a supply-pipe, discharge-pipe,and auxiliary-valve apparatus therefor, of the alternating induction and exhaust pipes F G, having cocks 10 1l, and the by-pass H, having cock 12, substantially as described.

In testimony whereofI have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. i

- SILAS W. BLANCHARD. Witnesses;

LC. J. SAWYER,

J. J. KENNEDY.

olf from the auxiliary 

